The water and fertilizer all-in-one machine integrates new agricultural technologies that integrate irrigation and fertilization. The water and fertilizer integrated equipment uses the pressure system (or the natural drop of the terrain) to mix the soluble solid or liquid fertilizer according to the soil nutrient content and the law and characteristics of the crop’s fertilizer demand and blend the fertilizer solution with the irrigation water to use the controllable pipeline System, through pipes and drippers to form drip irrigation, evenly, regularly and quantitatively infiltrate the root development and growth area of crops, so that the main root soil always maintains looseness and appropriate water content and situation. Vegetables need water and fertilizer in different growth periods to design the needs of different growth periods and provide water and nutrients directly to crops in proportion.
As an integral part of the water and fertilizer integration technology, the water and fertilizer integrated machine has rapidly expanded its market capacity with the country’s promotion of water and fertilizer integration.
In the late 1940s, an Israeli agricultural engineer named Symcha Blass (Symcha. Blass) invented drip irrigation technology in England. In the 1950s, he brought this technology back to Israel’s Negev Desert and applied it to irrigation in greenhouses. In the early 1960s, drip irrigation was widely promoted in Israel and California, mainly used in fruits and vegetables.
Since the 1980s, sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation technology have achieved unprecedented development in agriculture. Many companies and researchers have begun to discuss subsurface drip irrigation technology (SDI for short) to maximize the advantages of drip irrigation technology. In Queensland, Australia, California, Hawaii, and other places, SDI is widely used in sugarcane and vegetables and has achieved good results.
From a global perspective, in modern agriculture, 25% of corn, 60% of potatoes, and 32.8% of fruit trees in the United States use integrated water and fertilizer technology; more than 90% of Israel’s agriculture has realized the integrated water and fertilizer technology, from a “desert country” “Developed into an “agricultural power”. Compared with developed countries, the development of water and fertilizer integration technology in my country is 20 years behind. Since the 1990s, the theory and application technology of water and fertilizer integration in my country have been paid more and more attention.
In recent years, the land transfer has been in full swing. Large-scale, modern, and intensive agriculture will surely become a trend. Mechanized management will be more and more valued by agricultural practitioners. Irrigation equipment is an important aspect of it. Irrigation meets the water demand of crops by adding water to the farmland, creates good environmental conditions for crop growth, and obtains higher yields. However, water-saving irrigation technologies are generally more complicated, involve a wide range, and require a large investment. Efficient water-saving irrigation The average investment per mu of the project is generally more than 1,000 yuan, and the benefits brought by water-saving irrigation are difficult to reflect in a short period of time. At the same time, the price of irrigation water resources is relatively low, and there is almost no charge for water consumption during irrigation or even no charge. Therefore, farmers and water users have little benefit from water saving. The power of the equipment is not strong, most areas have not yet formed a good awareness of water-saving irrigation, and there is still a lot of room for the development of water-saving irrigation.
Many well-known foreign irrigation companies have landed on the beach, such as Rain Bird Company in the United States, John Deere, Netafim in Israel, Bauer in Austria, and Irrigation France in France, etc., have invested in domestic factories to open up markets. This shows that the market competition mechanism has been formed, the degree of marketization of the entire irrigation industry is rapidly improving, and the competition in the domestic drip irrigation market is becoming increasingly fierce.
The water and fertilizer integrated machine is an integral part of the irrigation head. A complete irrigation head includes irrigation water booster equipment (pump), filter equipment (primary filter: sand filter, multi-media filter, secondary filter: disc filter, Mesh filter), water and fertilizer all-in-one machine, etc.
The main function of the water and fertilizer all-in-one machine: by controlling the ratio of water and fertilizer, the fertilizer concentration after water and fertilizer mixing is within the preset range, and finally realizes the quantitative supply of water and fertilizer.
The main instruments used on the water and fertilizer all-in-one machine are the pH meter and conductivity meter, which need to be equipped with the so-called smart type at this stage. Secondly, ultrasonic flowmeters and electromagnetic flowmeters are used to measure water consumption on some equipment, turbine flowmeters are used to measure fertilizer consumption and input liquid level gauges are used to measure the liquid level of fertilizer tanks.
The role of the conductivity meter in the water and fertilizer all-in-one machine: is to monitor the concentration of fertilizer in the water and fertilizer mixture. PH meter function: monitor the pH value of the water and fertilizer mixture.
Judging from the field investigation, the demand for practical application is mainly hydroponic application. Taking tomato trees as an example, the pH value of the nutrient solution is controlled at about 6.5, and the EC value of the nutrient solution is controlled at 2.5-3.0ms/cm; The typical application of blueberry is blueberry cultivation. Blueberry has strict requirements on soil pH, and different varieties have different requirements for pH value. For example, northern highbush blueberry requires a soil pH value of about 4.3 to 4.8, and rabbit eye blueberry requires a pH value of 4.3. -5.3 or so grow best.
The application process of the pH and conductivity meter in the water and fertilizer all-in-one machine:
Now more and more customers are supporting the water and fertilizer all-in-one machine. How will it be used in what process? This point must be understood.
The water and fertilize all-in-one machine is mainly used for irrigation, and the pH and conductivity are mainly used for configuring water, fertilizer, and fertilizer. In the whole water and fertilizer process, there will probably be a raw fertilizer liquid bucket and a water bucket. The main reason is that the two barrels have been matched, for example, 1:5 or 1:8, etc. After mixing the ingredients, our pH electrode and conductivity electrode are installed on the fertilizer water (configured fertilizer) pipeline. This is to measure conductivity and pH at this time. If the PH and conductivity values are low, and the requirements are not met, a certain proportion of fertilizer will be added through the inverter control, and the configuration ratio will be adjusted to meet the requirements.
Note: The water and fertilize all-in-one machine uses the 4-20 ma signal output by PH and conductivity so that the inverter can be stably controlled. Different growth periods of crops require different proportions of fertilizer and water, so farmers adjust the proportion of the fertilizer stock solution and water in different periods.
pH: conventional composite electrode (5019) + pH controller;
Conductivity: generally 1.0 stainless steel electrode + 0-20ms large range controller (considering the energy-saving cost).
Note: Some water and fertilizer customers also use 1.0 stainless steel electrode + 0-2000 us controller (the fertilization process is different).
Recommended configuration: Most customers require the same appearance for the pH controller and the conductivity controller, so the pH 6.0 series is generally recommended.
The growth of crops is inseparable from resources such as soil, water, and fertilizer. Whether these resources can be efficiently utilized is related to the sustainable development of my country’s agriculture, and the integration of water and fertilizer technology is an important way to develop modern agriculture. Entering the middle and late 21st century, water and fertilizer integration technology will develop at an unprecedented speed. Many agricultural experts predict that agricultural production in the 21st century will develop in the direction of lower and lower energy consumption and cost, higher and higher efficiency, high automation, and high intelligence.
The integration of water and fertilizer is a capital-intensive and information-intensive industry. After years of technology demonstration and promotion, it has changed from a single technical model to a comprehensive and formalized model. From “land” to watering “crops”, fertilization from soil to crops, separation of water and fertilizer to the coupling of water and fertilizer, the transformation from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture, extensive application of information technology, full development of information resources, and expansion of the depth and breadth of informatization, engineering and Paying equal attention to non-engineering measures is the development direction of water and fertilizer integration.
In addition, with the rapid development of Internet technology, the penetration rate and recognition of integrated water and fertilizer information will become higher and higher, and technologies such as mobile Internet, GPRS, Internet of Things, cloud computing, and big data analysis are increasingly used in In terms of agricultural water and fertilizer integration, the efficiency of water and fertilizer integration will be further improved, bringing convenience and benefits to farmers and water users.
